From the beginning of the 19th century, aesthetics became a philosophy of art. For two centuries, artists taught us to see the beauty of nature, not by discovering it in it, but by creating it independently. And in the last few years of the last century that a growing ecological awareness has led to a new sense of aesthetics, so as to prefer the term landscape at environment. An aesthetic experience of its own kind, which orients and organizes the sensitive in function of an appreciation, making the recognition of a value. In the new century that has opened, landscape and environment together are a cultural test.